Upon Westminster Bridge and Kensington Market

The Kashmir earthquake happened on Saturday October 5th 2005, at 8:50am local time which had a magnitude of 7. 6. 74,500+ were dead and 106,000+ were injured in the Kashmir region of Northern Pakistan which was the 14th deadliest earthquake of all time. Its focus was 26km down and the shaking lasted for 60 seconds (1 Minute). The most badly affected area was in the Epicentral area around Muzaffarabad which is the capital of the Pakistan administered region of Kashmir. It is 80km north-east of Islamabad. 20 aftershocks were followed after the earthquake. It is said to be the strongest earthquake to hit the region in a century. The primary effects of the Kashmir earthquake included: Several trains on minor lines were derailed, 3. 3 million homes were destroyed, 79,000 people were killed and 100,000 injured. Secondary effects included: Electricity, gas and water supplies were disrupted, an outbreak of diarrhea spread from contaminated water supplies, respiratory infections such as pneumonia and people died of cold and starvation during the harsh winter season especially homeless people. Longer term effects of the Kashmir Earthquake included: The overall cost of the damage was $1000,000, 3. 3 million people had to live in temporary accommodation until rebuilding could start and in rural areas the crops mostly survived and so did the animals living there. Short term responses were: Supplying food and water, rescuing trapped people, rescue and medical teams arriving from other countries, tents supplied. Medium Term responses are: Re-establishing water supplies, building temporary, prefabricated houses, providing money for temporary housing. Long term responses are: Preparing disaster plans and carrying out regular practices, training emergency services, setting up an efficient earthquake warnings and information system using the media There are many similarities and differences from the Kashmir earthquake compared to other earthquakes such as Kobe earthquake/Great Hanshin. The Great Hanshin Earthquake occurred on Tuesday, January 17, 1995, at 05:46 in Japan. The focus was about 19km below the sea whilst the Kashmir earthquake was 26km down. This will have an immense effect on the earthquake, Also, The epicentre was between Kobe and Awaji Island whilst Kashmir`s was around Muzaffarabad. For the Kobe earthquake nearly 200,000 buildings were destroyed whilst for Kashmir there were at least 1 in very 10 buildings were destroyed which will be higher than the buildings collapsed in Kobe earthquake. 5,500 people were killed and 40,000 were injured and an estimated 230,000 people were made homeless in the Kobe earthquake. In the Kashmir Earthquake, 74,500+ were killed and 106,000+ were injured which is more than double the people who were affected from the Kobe Earthquake. Other reasons for Kashmir Earthquake being more severe are: It is a mountainous area, it is in a collision zone. These stats tells us that The Kashmir earthquake was stronger and more severe and had a bigger impact to the society, economy and physical effects. Another difference is that the Kobe government made a slow response and lack of an emergency plan when the earthquake hit. In Kashmir earthquake, the government reacted instantly. Many good and bad things happened after the quake, 1 week after the quake: the death toll continued to rise, bulldozers began to clear streets and knock down unsafe buildings, some shops and schools reopened. After 2 weeks: Overcrowding in makeshift shelters became a health hazard, cold weather led to a flu epidemic, people needed help to cope with the stress and shock of the quake.

How atmosphere is created in Victorian ghost stories Essay

â€Å"Discuss and compare how atmosphere is created in three Victorian ghost stories† Atmosphere is created in Victorian ghost stories by using a few main factors- -Characters -figurative language -setting -themes -Era (period of time) The majority of Victorian ghost authors use these factors because they are best to create atmosphere in any story, i.e. for a theme you can use fear, and for a setting you can use an old abandoned mansion, a story can easily be set around this because the two factors fit together as the same genre. The first author that will be used as an example will be using as an example will be Charles Dickens, he was born in 1812, He had a marvellous photographic memory which helped him base some of his characters on people he had met earlier on in his life. The story I will be focusing on by dickens will be â€Å"THE SIGNALMAN†, this story is a good choice because its atmosphere is built up as soon as you read the story, â€Å"THE SIGNALMAN† is being narrated by the gentleman in the story, he is a means for creating atmosphere because he puts in a first person perspective, he gives opinion and tells you what the scenery looks like, characters are almost a part of the setting, they create a mood, for example the protagonist in the story spends most of his time learning from the signalman- â€Å"how I ought to act, having become the recipient of this disclosure? I had proved the man to be intelligent, vigilant, painstaking, and exact†, at first the protagonist sees the signalman to be a solitary, ghost of a man, but getting to know him, he sees him as a man waiting for something to come (this is now figurative language), what the author is trying to tell you is that he is not waiting to change the train track, but is waiting for the warning (or signal) towards his death. One of the themes is either death or hell, for example, in the start the signalman was shocked when the narrator yells at him â€Å"halloa, below there†, the signalman thinks that the protagonist is a ghost (the signal man is waiting for death). A quote that can support the theme of hell is: â€Å"just then there came a vague vibration of the earth and air, quickly changed into a violent pulsation and an oncoming rush that caused me to start back†, this shows that this character is not use to trains (most likely because of the era (period of time) , in which trains are relatively new and many people are scared of them), he may find them monstrous, figuratively, the ground quivering and the protagonist going down into the trench may possibly mean the earth is opening, and he is descending into hell. The era (period of time) also helps with the building of the atmosphere for the reason that the story is set around trains, and in Victorian times the general public were scared of trains which would add to the eeriness of the account being told. The author will use characters as a tool to build atmosphere by explaining what he or she looks like, how they act and what they do, for example, â€Å"And drawing nearer to him, saw that he was a dark sallow man with a dark beard and rather heavy eyebrows†, the narrator is describing the signalman as a person who does not interact with others and as if he is already dead because of his pale skin, deep voice, and in another part of the story he is described as having â€Å"an infection of the mind†, adding to the theme of death. The setting in the signalman is dim and creepy, this is explained by the protagonist, â€Å"down in the deep trench, and mine was so high above him, so steeped in the angry sunset†, the trench described in this quote is intended to represent the protagonist on earth, looking down into his grave, it could be that the point of the story is to represent the protagonist’ death. The next Victorian ghost author that will be used is Abraham stoker (Bram stoker); he is best known as the creator of the fictional character Count Dracula. The story which will be used is â€Å"THE JUDGES HOUSE†. One of the themes in this story is fear, this is mainly created by using setting and characters, for example, the protagonist, Malcolm Malcolmson needs a place of solitude to do his scientific research and so he finds † an old shambling, heavy built house of Jacobean style , with heavy gables and windows, set higher than normal, customary houses† he finds the perfect house for his research, this is also the perfect house to build suspense, horror and the theme, fear. This particular story brings different eras(periods of time) to it because the house that malcolmson takes residency in has a history, as malcolmson asks to stay in the house to the landlady, she replies â€Å"not in the judges house!, she said, and grew pale as she spoke†¦ the abode of the judge who was held in great terror because of the harsh sentences and his hostility towards the prisoners at assizes†, this makes the plot, and in turn it creates a negative atmosphere towards the house. This quote can also explain how the characters create atmosphere by use of their language , another example of this would be † mercy on us†, said Ms. Witham â€Å"an old devil, and sitting on a chair by the fireside , take care sir, take care†, Ms. Witham the woman speaking, sounds as if she is nervous just talking about the judge. In this story a setting can also represent a character i.e. the rats are meant to represent the judge, because it keeps catching the attention of malcolmson, â€Å"he raised a book in his right hand and taking careful aim, flung it at the rat, it sprang aside like a missile, he took another book and repeated his action, and a third, until he had only one book left, the rat squeaked and seemed afraid, malcolmson more eager to strike, the book flew with a resounding blow†. The book that hit the rat was the bible, usually in any Victorian ghost story the protagonist will have to use a religious object to get rid of the villain, i.e. in Bram stokers â€Å"Dracula† the protagonist (van Helsing) uses a cross to fend Dracula. So the rat (the judge) will have to be scared of the bible. The rats are also meant to representing the judges evil spreading like a plague, and ruining everybody’s lives around it. The last author that will be used to answer the question is Herbert George wells (h.g wells) he was a Victorian sci-fi writer most famous for his novel â€Å"war of the worlds†. The story he wrote that will be used is the â€Å"THE RED ROOM†. This will give good examples of how atmosphere is created by using characters; in the beginning of the story there is a conversation between the protagonist and the pensioners, the pensioners help create atmosphere because they are all somehow crippled, for example, â€Å"its your own choosing†, said the man with the withered arm once more†¦ a second old man entered, more bent, more wrinkled, more aged than the first. The reason these characters are like this is because they keep having to lecture the protagonist about not going to the red room, he won’t listen because no one would like to believe two senile old pensioners over their own opinion. The setting of the red room is a slightly different to other ghost stories because it is less secluded (there are more characters in the key building). It seems bizarre that the antagonist would only appear when a character is alone, as if it is shy: â€Å"as I stood undecided, an invisible hand seemed to sweep out the two candles on the table, with a cry of terror I dashed to the alcove†. The example of era (period in time) that happens in the story is more of a thought than it being existent: â€Å"an older age when things spiritual were indeed to be feared, when common sense was uncommon, an age, when omens and witches were credible, and ghost beyond denying†. This creates an Atmosphere of wickedness because it reminds you of the period in which everything was religious (religion can get rid of evil) and the church led the public to be against witches, demons and the devil. In all three of the stories there will be a person(s) who has experienced or witnessed the horrors that have happened before, they create atmosphere by giving the story a history.` Conclusion: Atmosphere is created in Victorian ghost stories by using some of the factors said before -Era (period of time) -Theme -Characters -Setting These factors are HOW atmosphere is created in these three Victorian ghost stories because they are best to put what is needed for a ghost story in the plot: suspense, history, death and a mystery to be solved.

War is not Beneficial to the World Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

War is not Beneficial to the World - Term Paper Example Contrary to beliefs that human beings should not fight each other, there are individuals who have vested interests and used war as a scapegoat to achieve their personal gains. These interests might take the form of resources owned by certain nations. Due to greed, some nations have invaded other nations through war in a bid to embezzle resources from the said countries. Further, it argues that human beings fight each other for revenge purposes, that is, to avenge perceived insults or defeat. The fact that human beings would always want to feel superior over others and thus through war, they are able to prove their superiority. Human beings do fight when they perceive threats from others or chances of losing. It is also argued that war is a natural population control, however, unpleasant, it acts to ease competition for resources, and reduce population. In light of war being a natural control for unhealthy large population, there are other ways to curb the growth. War is inevitable, this is evident from the fact that, over the years, the number of wars has reduced gradually, with regard to first war and the second;   also the casualties of war or violence have reduced with time (Tomsen 532). There has been a significant drop in the number of deaths resulting from wars. This may be attributed to a surge in the number of democracies, 20 to nearly all the countries since the Second World War. Since democracies, rarely wage war against each other, a continuing decline in the magnitude of armed conflicts may as well be seen. Decline of war may as well be credited to the creation of stable states having effective legal systems, and police forces, which eliminates the endless feuding that plagued tribal societies. Increased life expectancy makes people less willing to risk their lives by engaging in violence. Also as a result of globalization and communication, people have ended up being interdependent on each other.   On the other hand, war may not be inevitable this is because human beings have always fought in wars and always will due to the fact that human beings are innately aggressive.

Atmosphere Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Atmosphere - Essay Example Firstly, the sense gives people the opportunity of knowing the designation of all their body parts and the activities they can facilitate. They also know the way the body parts move, their effectiveness and how to act in response to stimuli. The process is actualized through sensation and perception that facilitates processing of sensory data and interpretation to give credible meaning. The brain processes the information taken by the eyes and the body produces reflex actions as well as coordinated movements to respond to the external stimuli in a way that makes it the most convenient for the body to move in the given space and the challenges contained therein. Therefore, the elements greatly influence the direction of movement in space. Atmosphere has a direct as well as indirect influence on body movement. For example, while an individual enclosed in a closet or a lift has very little room to shift from one place to another and thus cannot make significant movements even if the ind ividual desires so; an individual hiding underneath a tree holding onto its trunk chooses not to make significant movements while an earthquake is happening in an attempt to keep safe and not catch significant harm. The difference between the two examples is that in the former, atmosphere places direct restrictions on the movement of the body whereas in the latter, external stimuli and factors contained in the atmosphere indirectly restrict the movement of the body. The restraints in the first example are mechanical or physical whereas those in the second example are abstract and a result of the interplay of the mind and body of the individual in the scenario. The relationship between atmosphere and body movement can be elaborated with the help of another example; an individual may see an object from a distance through light reflection and develop interest in acquiring it personally.

Should their be mandatory military service in the united states Research Paper

Should their be mandatory military service in the united states - Research Paper Example â€Å"There is a widespread feeling that there is no adequate force available now: that force which might reasonably have been deemed adequate three years ago has been shown by the European war to be inadequate, and from the standpoint of the immensity of the forces loosed upon the outbreak of war† (Ballou). The staffing of military personnel varies significantly transversely countries and above time. Although a number of countries, such as the United Kingdom and the United States, has relied and persist to rely on all-volunteer forces, the majority European countries follow a strategy of compulsory military service (CMS). â€Å"Voluntary service efforts will go on, whether or not we have compulsory service, because America has always been a charitable and compassionate Nation. Compulsory service programs would be another resource pool† (Does the United States Need Compulsory National Service?). The court upholds the right of the Government to organize and maintain the army. All 18 year old youth are supposed to register with the selective service system as the military service is presently intentional, the civilian agency with a responsibility of conducting a military draft when required by the law. The transformation to a voluntary force has caused many human rights problems. The military conscription is provided by the selective military service act. Enrollment in the armed force is allowed from the age of 17. The US conscription has been established many times specially, during war and also during nominal cold wars. The draft discontinued in 1973 and moved to a volunteer military force. And therefore there is no mandatory conscription at present. During the colonial period, the 13 colonies adopted a military service for defense. After the independence, the United States and other states required able males to enlist in the military service, to undergo training and to se rve for short periods in war

KSAs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

KSAs - Essay Example In order to produce an accurate report within the assigned deadline, it became necessary for me to combine all of the sources of information and create one sole source for the student data, which would permit easy access of the data to the Director. The final outcome: By developing a more organized system of data maintenance, it simplified the process of analyzing and summarizing information for the report, which in turn decreased the amount of time needed to compile and complete the report by the assigned submission deadline. The increased time also ensured the accuracy of the report. At the University of Maryland in the Student Support Services office, I was the first point of contact for both students and parents interested in the Summer Transitional Program. This program is designed to assist first generation/low-income students in making the transition from high school to college through the completion of a six-week intensive academic course load. Students who were invited to apply to the program were those students who were denied fall admission by the university’s Undergraduate Admissions office. Following the release of the early decision letters by the admissions office, I immediately began fielding telephone calls and receiving visits by students, parents, teachers and high school counselors inquiring about the program application process, requirements, costs and other questions and concerns. I assisted these potential students by communicating the necessary information verbally on the telephone or in person, and/or in writing through the forms of a letter, or email. At the University of Maryland, the spring semester is a very busy time for the Student Support Services office. In addition to assisting the current students in the program, the office is also in the midst of accepting applications and formulating the first-year student cohort for the upcoming

Nursing theory reviewed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nursing theory reviewed - Essay Example Nursing involves four perspectives in which the professionals address the whole nursing problems by subdividing the concepts into: The person/patient- they analyze the physiological structure and functioning of the body, psychological perspective to deal with mental processes and emotions. In addition, they analyze developmental processes within the lifespan and actively look into social-cultural and spiritual side of their patient. The health perspective in nursing tends to define health as a condition in which all body parts are in harmony with the client, here the client being the patient. This harmony is usually based on the body needs and how much it receives from the system in that for optimality the energy provided by the system should always be more than what the body can actually use. Nursing also seeks to evaluate environment aspect through analysis of external and internal factors that surround a patient and the rate at which they interact in any given time. Also nursing i nvolves consistency, should use direct but simple approach, governed by nursing education and practice so as to address the areas of primary, secondary and tertiary interventions Training and professionalism go hand in hand in that continuing one’s education and/or study while working is an essential criterion for a long term success through competence development in furthering their careers. With a series of requirements in the nursing sector, knowledge development is of paramount importance as to the scope of their activities. For instance knowledge development from antiquity to nightingale, from nightingale to science and from knowing patterns to contexts of knowledge development, calls for intensive study and further training. Ethical knowledge development calls for nursing ethics, code of conduct and morality and an over view of ethical perspectives. Nursing as a field with wide application and scope entails conceptualization and structuring of

Which form of social media is best for an organisation to use Dissertation

Which form of social media is best for an organisation to use - Dissertation Example And the impact of face-book in the world of business and on its total sale as compared to others. However, all these evaluations are obtained with the help of secondary research methods such as literature review as compared to primary research. And finally the dissertation is completed with the fact that, face-book is the best for any organizations as compared to other sites. In this age of stiff competitive and high bargaining power of the customers, maximum extent of the entrepreneurs or organizational management desires to present high-end inventive products. This is done in order to satisfy the changing needs and demands of the customers of recent era so as to retain them for longer period of time. However, it might be possible only if the entrepreneur or organizational management desires to offer high-level of concentration over advertisements or promotional campaigns. This might help in enhancement of the awareness level of the customers thereby amplifying the demand and profit ability of the organization in the market as compared to many other rival players. But, introduction of information technology has changed the definition of advertisement entirely. Now a day, advertisement or promotion means vivid description of the features or benefits of the products in social media’s like face-book, twitter, Orkut, LinkedIn, Pin-interest and many others. This is because; introduction of information technology enhanced the craze of social media’s as compared to conventional advertising tactics (Macdonald, 2013, pp. 256-356). This dissertation is divided into five phases mainly highlighting the importance of social media in enhancing the profitability of the business. Along with this, it also describes, which might be the best form of social media (face-book or twitter) among many others so as to improve the prosperity of the business. Therefore, the prime question that might be discussed in this dissertation through secondary research methods is, whe ther face-book or twitter appears to be the best form for any organizational up-liftment. Discussion Literature review Importance of Social Media According to Bregman (2012), social media acts as a weapon to flight against extreme competition and rivalry among the existing contenders. Social media also helps the organization to develop a recognised position for itself and its products thereby amplifying its reputation in the entire globe among many other rival players. As a result of which, it helps in enhancing the awareness of the targeted customers thereby amplifying the demand and total revenue of the organization in the market as compared to others. And so, the brand image and market share of the organization might get amplified resulting in amplification of the total profit margin. Therefore, it might be clearly stated that social media acts as a supporting medium to create and protect digital reputations in an effective and efficient way. Hence, from the above mentioned point s, it might be clearly revealed that social media plays a very important role in enhancing the portfolio of an organization in this age of extreme competition. And due to such unde4rlining reason, maximum extent of the entrepreneurs or organizational managements, prefer to comprise of a popular social media reputation. Apart from this, as per Jue & et. al. (2009), the craze of social media or social networking sites enhanced mainly due to the advancement of technologies in this age of

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 3

Human Resource Management - Essay Example Recruitment Process: The recruitment process starts right after devising the right job analysis which highlights the nature of the job, main tasks and responsibilities needed to be carried out by the potential employee (Pearn and Kandola, 1993). Job analysis gives a broader vision to the recruiter that what he needs to seek in a potential candidate and what are the demands required according to the nature of the job. It can be further highlighted by devising either a job description or person specification. Job description elaborates the tasks and responsibilities that constitute the job (Bratton and Gold, 2012; p. 224). Job description aids the recruitment agencies and the potential candidates in getting the right idea that what are the requirements an organization is seeking in a potential candidate. A typical job description consists of different elements such as job title, the department, whom should one report to, hierarchal chain, purpose and objectives of a job, requirements o f a job (travelling or working outside) and responsibilities associated with the job. However, person specification revolves around the criteria necessary for the selection of a particular candidate (CIPD, 2012) which according to Taylor (2008) are the presence of necessary skills, experience, education and qualification along with the presence of necessary behavioral attributes. ... The essential and desirable components are almost the same and they should be described more coherently and specifically to help the candidate in understanding the requirements more appropriately. The term â€Å"additional requirements† should be replaced with â€Å"required behavioral characteristics† as described by Taylor (2008). The person specification should explore that what are the basic personality and physical requirements are needed by the organization from a potential candidate. It should also explore that how much of the previous experience is required by the organization in the field of event management specifically, in organizing what types of events, in a detailed manner. It will help the candidate to explain his competencies in an efficient manner which will further help the organization to understand the attitude of the candidate in a better way. The core competencies in a candidate should elaborate his communication skills, people management attitude, whether if he/she is suitable to work in a team, customer services, results and problem solving attitude (CIPD L and D Report, 2007). Critical Analysis of Interview Structure: Interview plays a critical role in the recruitment and selection process. Interview enables the employer and the prospective employee to learn more about each other. It enables the employers to confirm the information disclosed by the candidate on the application form as well as to ask questions and to evaluate the personality of a candidate, his character, oral skills and the capability to tackle the tough situations. Interview helps the employers to develop a better understanding about the prospective candidate which is impossible to gain by just reading the application

Plastic bags should be concerned more before it poisons our planet Term Paper

Plastic bags should be concerned more before it poisons our planet - Term Paper Example There were even 63 identified uses of plastic bags, specifically Walmart bags. (Trucker 2009) However, as the world progressed and the environment began to be clogged by these plastic bags, its harmful effects could not be idly dismissed. It is in this regard that this essay is written to determine the effects of plastic bags in our environment. After briefly tracing the origins of the plastic bags, the essay would initially present its uses and its over-consumption and discuss its ultimate effects in our environment. Finally, this essay would suggest recommendations address the issues concerning the harmful effects of these plastic bags in the environment. The first identified use for plastic bags is to wrap food products. In 1969 Appierdo (2008) presented that â€Å"the New York City Sanitation Department’s ‘New York City Experiment’ demonstrates that plastic refuse bag curbside pickup is cleaner, safer and quieter than metal trash can pick-up, beginning a shift to plastic can liners among consumers†. The 1970s likewise marked more uses for plastic bags as recognized by retail giants such as Sears, J.C. Penney, Montgomery Ward, Jordan Marsh, Allied, Federated, and Hills. (Appierdo 2008) During the 1990s, the technology for recycling enabled the plastic bags to transform its utilization to other productive benefits. Barnard (2007) stipulated that â€Å"with some trial and error we were able to construct a pretty durable and usable shopping bag.

California, Eames house Essay Example for Free

California, Eames house Essay Constructed in 1949 in pacific palisades, California, Eames house is a landmark of mid-twentieth century modern architecture. It was owned by design pioneers, husband and wife, Charles and Ray Eames. The Eames’ gracious live-work life- style continues to be an influential model. ( Eames house) The design of the house was proposed for a case study house program for Art and Architecture magazine. The idea was to hypothesize a modern household, elaborate its functional requirements, have an architect design the home, use modern materials and construction processes, and then actually build the home. The Eames’ proposal reflected their own household and their own needs, a young married couple wanting to live, work and entertain in one undemanding setting in harmony with the site. (Eames house) A site near the coast, on Pacific Palisades, once a part of private estate was selected. The initial design proposed consisted of a raised steel and glass box projecting out of the slope. According to the final design, the house was tucked into the slope with a concrete wall on the uphill side. A mezzanine level was added, making use of pre-fabricated spiral stair that was to be the lower entrance. The upper level holds the bedrooms and overlooks the double height living room. A courtyard was also introduced, separating the residence from the studios. The revised scheme only required one additional beam. The 17 feet tall facade is broken down into a rigidly almost Mondrianesque composition brightly colored panels between thin steel columns and painted black. The entry door is marked with a gold leaf panel above. The row of eucalyptus trees was preserved along the exposed wall of the house, providing a visual contrast to the bold facade of the house. The Eames house is considered the most successful both as an architectural statement and as a comfortable, functional living space. ( Eames house) Works-cited page Eames House, wikipedia the free encyclopedia, 6-12-2006, Retrieved on 10-12-2006 http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Eames_House

Impact of federalist on U.S. constitution Essay Example for Free

Impact of federalist on U.S. constitution Essay The Federalist was at first published in New York newspapers with the precise intention of convincing the huge Anti-federalist population of New York to vote in support of the Constitution. Federalist’s thoughts were extensively used by federalists in other states as well. James Madison used this particular document to influence the solid Anti-federalist alliance in Virginia to support the ratification of the constitution. Eventually both states, Virginia and New York approved he constitution, but neither of these states were among the first 9 states who voted in favor, nevertheless the Constitution did go into effect without them sanctioning the proposed Constitution. On the other hand, the publication and collection of the essays into 2 separate volumes offered United States its very own exclusive and distinctive political philosophy. Keeping in mind that the Constitution was legitimately ratified by 9 of the 13 states, the number of votes needed, without the votes of New York and Virginia, it will not be wrong to make an assumption that the Constitution would have been ratified even without The Federalist.. The main significance of The Federalist in the 1788 events was like a sort of debaters handbook in Virginia and New York. Prints of the collected version were hurried to Richmond as to Hamiltons guidance and used positively by supporters of the Constitution in the climactic dispute over ratification. Therefore The Federalist’s recognition was obtained not from the proceedings of a single influential year, but rather from the entire pattern of American history. The Federalist looks like four books in one with an elucidation of the good things of federal government; a condemnation of the Articles of Confederation because of their failure to provide successful government, or to offer a lot in the way of government; an analysis and justification of the new Constitution as a mechanism of providing federalism and constitutionalism; and, illuminating these more realistic topics with an unexpected upsurge of intelligence, an exhibition of specific undergoing truths that give knowledge of both the threats and the satisfaction of free government. The Federalist is nearest to being an innovative piece of work for providing details about the federal form of government. The Federalist is worthy of receiving acknowledgment for the simplicity with which it maintains that â€Å"both levels of government in a federal system must exercise direct authority over individuals, that the central government must enjoy unquestioned supremacy in its assigned fields, and that federalism is to be cherished not alone for its contributions to peace within the land and security without, but for the firm foundation it provides for the enjoyment of individual freedom over a wide expanse of territory. † It could be said easily that The Federalist transformed federalism from a mere system into an article of faith, from a sporadic accident of history into a permanent illustration of the principles of constitutionalism. The pages, which reveal the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, today make an uninteresting portion for reading. However in 1787-88, the same pages made fascinating reading material and countless allies of the new Constitution respected The Federalist mainly because of its pitiless condemnation of the palpable defects of the subsisting Confederation. While indictment was something that had to be completed with force one cannot envy Publius for the joys he might have experienced in ‘beating a horse that may look dead to us but was very much alive to him. ’ And still in the some parts of Federalist numbers 15 to 22 there are concrete annotations on one of the key argument of The Federalist: the dreadful circumstance of a weak government in a disordered society. â€Å"Today, as all through the history of American constitutional development, a particular interpretation of some clause in that document can be given a special flavor of authenticity by a quotation from Publius. If he was understandably wrong in his interpretation of some details in the Constitution for example, in assigning the Senate a share in the power of removal and in giving a purely military cast to the Presidents authority as commander in-chief he was remarkably right about many more. Publius the constitutional lawyer, in the bold person of Hamilton, reached the peak of intellectual power and of historical influence in the breathtaking assertion of judicial review in number 78. †

The Strengths And Weaknesses Of Nike Marketing Essay

The Strengths And Weaknesses Of Nike Marketing Essay Nike is known by everyone everywhere. They have created dominant brand recognition. Nike is the number one athletic apparel company in more than ten countries. They have distribution centers all over the world. The advertising agency Nike has contracted has grown to three offices, each in different countries, to better reach their target audience on a local level. You can go anywhere in the world with the Nike logo and almost anyone would recognize the brand. This show how their hard work in the advertising department has paid off. In 2006, Nike spent $134 million in marketing. With a revenue total of $16.3 billion in 2007, Nike can certainly afford such a large marketing bill. Nike is strong regarding its research and development department based on its growing and ground-breaking product range. The Nike Sport Research Laboratory is responsible for innovative ideas like the NikeID online store where customer can purchase custom made shoes. Nike started out making only sneakers now m akes things from specific sports equipment to performance apparel. Nike defiantly knows how to expand well into the athletic sporting market. Nike has a strong presence overseas and sales their product worldwide. They always have the elite athletes promoting their product. They have Lebron James, Kobe Bryant and before they had Michael Jordan. Those athletes have helped in playing a role in creating brand loyalty. They have achieved this through 40 years of athletic of consistently developing superior products which appeal to consumers both domestically and internationally. Weaknesses One serious weakness with Nike is that they ignore to see problems in their labor and factory conditions. In the 1980s, Nike contracted most of their manufacturing to factories in poor nations such as China, Vietnam, Indonesia, and Mexico in order to get the lowest manufacturing costs. Instead of paying higher wages, they were able to increase profits by paying lower wages to people in less developed countries. In 1996 Nike was uncovered for child labor laws in Pakistan. This led to a lots of negative publicity. Many people began to boycott their product. Many human rights groups formed alliance to protest the treatment of employees in these overseas factories. Even students at the University of Oregon, a college which depends heavily on the donations of Nike founder Phil Knight, rallied and signed petitions against the company, which put a strain on the relationship between the two organizations. Nike saw a small drop in sales after this scandal broke. Though this scandal has tarnis hed Nikes reputation for more than 15 years, they have remained on top throughout it all. Another issue Nike needs to address is that it has such a high price for apparel compared to its competitors, granted the quality is high but many consumers are turned away by the expensive price. Opportunities One great opportunity for Nike is to promote their brand as fashion as well as athletic wear. There are many consumers who see some Nike products as a fashion sneaker and wear their sneakers for that purpose instead of just athletic wear. Sneakers like the air force 1s and sneaker collections like the air maxes, Nike dunks, and the Jordan collection are worn as fashionable sneakers just as much for performance. In celebration of the Olympics this summer, Nike revealed a new product line meant to celebrate Nike classics, such as the Air Force 1, the Nike Dunk. Nikes greatest opportunity is Chinas market which is expanding speedily. China was a $600 million dollar business for Nike and the largest business Nike had outside of the United States in 2006. Nike is the leader in the market for sports apparel in China; it still has the opportunity to grab a larger market share, which could result in hundreds of millions of dollars more. Nike is the first company to work with Chinese athletes and create a look which includes their culture. Nike has created a competitive advantage over its competitors. Nike has an even greater opportunity to take advantage of on the China marketplace when they sponsored the 2008 Olympics in Beijing this summer. This event was watched by billions worldwide and allowed Nike to strengthen their relationship with China by proving their products value. Once Chinas marketplace has been established, expansion into other countries can do the same. It has a good judgment of marketing by sponsoring top athletes from different sports. Nike has prominent athletes from all major sports, which allows them to connect with a wide variety of consumers. Threats Some threats that the Nike Company may have are their competitive brands. Since Nike is the highest priced athletic brand name that puts them at risk for losing many of their customers. Nike faces a lot of competition. The shoe industry alone is highly competitive. This competition makes it hard for Nike to constantly set themselves apart from their competitors. As an pioneering leader, Nike is regularly the source of replication. For every new improvement, Nike has a very short lead time before their competitors release a similar product. The industry itself is becoming increasingly price competitive. Nike produces a high quality product and sets its prices as a result. Nike is well known as a first-rate priced product. With this sort of replication, competitors can sell similar products for a cheaper price. Price sensitive customers will then go with Nikes competition. Nike has many competitors, just looking at the shoe industry. While they are currently the best in the industry in terms of market share, in 2005, two of Nikes largest competitors, Adidas and Reebok, merged into a single company in an attempt to close the gap between themselves and Nike. When Nike b ecame the victim of public scrutiny over its oversea factories, both companies started to make improvements in their oversea factories to improve their image over the industry best. Another strong competitor is New Balance, a privately owned company based in Massachusetts which produces mostly women sneakers. New Balance is dedicated to selling products that are made in the U.S.. With Nikes poor public opinion of overseas manufacturing, this could be a big benefit for New Balance. New Balances commitment to customer loyalty allows them to spend less on marketing. Other competitors include Skechers and Puma. Skechers main focuses is on stylish footwear, using popular media personalities such as Carrie Underwood for its marketing. The German based company Puma is also a rapidly growing company. Puma introduced a five year plan starting in 2006 to expand into India and China, as well as launch five new product lines. Companies like these are not big enough to be a threat to Nikes succe ss now, their swift growth makes them possible threats in the near future, and Nike will need to monitor their success. Recommendations Nike is obviously the top of its business, but no company is invincible. Nike has several avenues of advancement. If they want to continue to build on lead and maintain their dominate status in the industry, they need to take a hard look at their mission and define it in S.M.A.R.T terms. This will give the company a constant goal and a direction to move in instead of being complacent waiting for its competitors to catch up. They need to make it clear not only that they want to stay on top, but how they will stay on top. They have a unique opportunity with Google their and Joga.com. The ability to reach some of their target customers in such a fashion could be a huge marketing advantage. The site needs to be finished before other networking sites take over. Nike needs to know what its competition is doing and needs to prepare to counter anything the competition puts up against them. The most important thing they can do is improve labor circumstances in factories. The hard part for Nik e is maintaining low costs while still keeping the brand equity they are known for. In order to do this Nike needs to have fewer suppliers and more calculated relationships with the ones they already deal with. Making these adjustments, their reputation will become positive and they can gain back the customers they lost due to negative publicity. Nike has always been associated with high quality retail products. They now need to be associated with the same type quality when it comes to labor and manufacturing conditions.

MORPHINE Essay -- essays research papers fc

MORPHINE Morphine is a narcotic analgesic drug, which means that it is a downer painkiller. It is most commonly given intravenously (by injection) for more rapid results, but it can also effectively be given orally. It has a remarkable ability to reduce physical distress, and its calming effect protects against exhaustion in traumatic shock, internal hemorrhage, and several other conditions. This drug is truly a miracle worker. Morphine is an opiate, coming from the poppy seed. It was first isolated from opium in 1803 (some sources say 1806) by the German pharmacist F. W. A. Serturner, who named it after Morpheus, the god of dreams. Morphine was first used as a painkiller, and mistakenly, as a cure for opium addiction. Morphine quickly replaced opium as a cure-all recommended by doctors, not to mention its popularity as a recreational drug. The exchange of morphine addiction for that of alcohol was considered positive for the reason that alcohol was harder on the body, and more likely to trigger antisocial behavior. By the time heroin was discovered in 1874, morphine had already addicted hundreds of thousands of people. Soon heroin found its way to the level of morphine and codeine. Since the practice of selling patent medicines had no regulation until 1906, with the Pure Food and Drug Act, it was common to simply mail order any of these drugs. Morphine played a part in the American Civil War as well. Not only was it commonly the companion of a soldier injured on the fiel...

Mbo In Russia :: essays research papers fc

Introduction  «The emphasis (of MBO) is on trying to predict and influence the future rather than on responding and reacting by the seat of the pants. It is also a ‘results-oriented’ philosophy of management, one of which emphasizes accomplishments and results. The focus is generally on change and on improving both individual and organizational effectiveness. » A successful implementation of MBO in any country requires a narrow examination of such elements as customs and traditions of that country, which give support to the application of MBO. History These elemets are higly influenced by the history.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Starting from the early centuries, Russian people got accustomed to live under the central rule when the tsar was the only decision-making body in the country. The communication between the rulers and ruled was flowing only one-way. The landlords, owning the farmers, set quotes to farmers without thinking whether they would be able to achieve them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Afterwards, when the bolshewiks came to rule instead of the monarchy, the same thing happened. Working for a state enterprise, the employees didn’t have a chance to set objectives for their work they performed. The central planning department set quotes, by which all the organizations had to obey even if those planks were set too high to reach. Workers were responsible for reaching organizational goals no matter for at what costs, but on the other side the means by which they had to reach the organizational goals were predetermined by the central planning department. So, we can see that the word  «central », which  «disables » MBO, was quite common and used heavily thrughout the whole history of Russia. Nevertheless, I would say, there were some elements of MBO such as rewarding the employees when they exceeded the quotes set by the central department. Reward was very seldom material. Usually, you would have received a red flag for an excellent work, and your photo would have been printed in the organization’s newspaper. In addition to the rewards, people were working for a common purpose: to reach the communism. And each piece they had produced contributed to this goal. Anyway, this system of rewards worked; it was a good source of motivation although it was resting solely in the willigness of the employees to contribute to the process. Factors that influence management in Russia After we had examined the historical factors that influence the application of MBO, let’s come down to determine factors that influence overall management in Russia now.

The Missing Screw Essay example -- essays research papers

The Turn of the Screw by Henry James can be interpreted in two main ways; as a psychological thriller or a ghost story. In the book, the central character and one of the narrators, the governess, has convinced herself that the children, Miles and Flora, are seeing apparitions. Another explanation is that she herself created these images through her madness. The governess desires so much to be loved that she drives herself insane. The author also does a good job of convincing the reader that the ghosts of Miss Jessel and Peter Quint are â€Å"real.† Yet, I believe differently. There are many clues that allude to the fact that the governess is having a psychological break down do to the fact that she is lonely and yearns to be loved. I will discuss the clues that lead me to this conclusion in this paper.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  At the beginning of the book, during her first interview, the governess’ job is described as, â€Å"a vision of serious duties and little company, of really great loneliness† (28). This quote proves to me that the governess’ job required very little social interaction. This gives her a lot of time for her mind to wander. Also during the interview the governess becomes physically attracted to the uncle. She uses words like handsome and pleasant to describe him. The governess is beginning to fall for the uncle, but when he leaves she finds herself alone again. There is no one around since she is so isolated at Bly. She now begins to create the first of the ap...

Explanation as to Why Projects Fail Essay

Having the right members of staff is very crucial when running a project. Project mangers have to be extremely careful when employing members of staff, hiring people that do not know how to use tools during the development of a project can result in time consumption. Going over the budget If the project manager wastes more money then necessary, then how their project going to be able to continue, how will members of staff get paid, and where are they going to get the money for the tools that are needed. Project managers have to always be wary about how much money is being spent and to always keep track of their budget and avoid spending too much money. Insufficient details from client It is extremely important for the project manager to find out as many details as possible in order to create the product for them. If there are not enough details and the product is made, the client may not be satisfied and therefore the project has failed as well as the project manager. There are projects out there that do not give enough requirements which have led to cases where the developers of the project having no input from the client, and create a project that they believe is needed without them knowing anything about the business itself. When the project has then been given to the client, business users will then say that it does not do what is needed to be done. This is also connected to a lack of user involvement; a user has to always know exactly what they want and have the ability to specify it precisely. Not enough proper time to research and plan Before any project starts, planning has to always be taken place in order to prepare for the unexpected so that we can react quicker minimising any problems as much as possible. But if not enough time has been given to properly plan and also to research a product, that will only increase the risk of the project failing. Using the wrong kind of tools There are many different kinds of software’s that can be used for many different kinds of things. Using the wrong software can be almost impossible or difficult to do the project. For example to create a spreadsheet, Microsoft Excel will be needed. But if Microsoft FrontPage is provided, then it would be impossible to create the spreadsheet because FrontPage is used to make websites and WebPages, not spreadsheets. They can over-run (passed the deadline) If a project has passed its deadline, it has failed and the client will probably not be able to afford the project any longer and will terminate the project. Projects can pass the deadline simply because certain problems may have been very difficult to overcome and therefore time-consuming. Other things can also include members of staff not working full time or not working properly in the project. Poor communication People have to communicate with each other in order to know what is happening and what is going on. If people do not communicate with each other then how they will know if they are doing everything in the correct order and if everything is working perfectly in order for them to continue. It is extremely important that members of staff tell each other when to apply certain things or when to start creating little bits in order to make the project. Lack of User Involvement Everyone that has been hired to carry out the project must always be involved so that project can run as smoothly as planned. A lack of user involvement can prove to be fatal for any kind of project. Every user has to be involved otherwise nobody in the business will be committed to a system and may be also hostile to it. In order to have a successful project every single user has to be involved from the start of the project and continue to be involved throughout the whole development. Changes in the requirements While a project is being developed, what can sometimes happen is that the client can suddenly decide to add more details to the production of the project, because of this happening many projects has failed simply because there was not enough time to finish the project due to the amount of time that it took to add those extra details. Long or Unrealistic Time periods Sometimes clients give project managers a ridiculous amount of time to finish a project when it is impossible because there maybe few members of staff, or not enough money to pay for tools that are needed to create the project. Project managers have to plan carefully how much time is needed to create a whole project, a manager will have to take in consideration how much members of staff are needed and for how much time. Managers have to also be aware of any unrealistic time periods, for example for a product to arrive or a specific tool or software. Waiting for tools to be delivered could take a week or more which could have an impact over the whole project. It is recommended that project managers review all project plans so that they will be able to see if they are all realistic before they proceed with anything. Poor Testing People that are developing projects will have to carefully test them and also test to see if it meets the business requirements. But testing can sometimes fail because of many faults, these can include: * Poor requirements * Tests not done properly or not at all * Trained users that do not know the purpose of the system * Insufficient time to perform tests as the project is late Bad decisions being made This can involve wrong decisions that have been made by the project manager. Bad decisions can normally happen if no planning has taken place and the project manager does things without any meaning or thinking about it, managers will need to carefully make any decision. An example of this could be hiring more staff then needed or buying more software’s then needed for the project. Reference details: http://www.adaptivepartners.com/projfailb.htm 22/09/09 http://www.coleyconsulting.co.uk/failure.htm 22/09/09 http://www.carlosconsulting.com/downloads/Reasons_why_projects_fail.pdf 06/10/09

Incarceration of African American Males Essay

Introduction The trend of African the Statesn viriles between the ages of 25 and 29 has seen a dramatic join on of incarceration. anxiety has been reduceing on argonas of housing, education, and healthc argon that when the close prominent problem for African American adolescent-begetting(prenominal)s is the increase in the incarceration treasure. African American males between the ages of 25 and 29 incarceration measure has been thought, by many, to be caused by economic doers much(prenominal) as under employment or unemployment, brusk housing, wish of education, and lack of healthc ar.Yet, otherwises view it is due to the imbalance of minorities within the illegal nicety system, such as judges, lawyers, and law sufficers. This account testament explore two diverse outlooks orderliness has come up with so far, as to why African American Males between the ages of 25 and 29 ar change magnitudely incarcerated. Finally, the information ordain ruin awareness to the problems that is faced by African American Males between the ages of 25 and 29. preponderance Problem 1 More than 40% of all American prison house houseers, men and women, are African American men, yet they grass up just 13% of the U. S. male tribe (Roberts, 2004).This statistic does not include those African American men who are in local jails nor does it include those African American men under custodial watchfulness ( tabulate 2). They enter the state and federal prison system, at the prime of their economic and productive lives and yet they exit prison roll in the hay both economically and affectionately. The lofty rate of incarceration among African Americans has been noted by the interconnection of suffering economy, lack of inexpensive housing, mental illness, significance corrupt, domestic violence, absence seizure of a strong macabre male role model, lack of admission fee to education, or some type of combine of these factors.Statistics hold outt even gi ve African American males a good befall to stay out of jail. They occupy a one in four-spot guess of macrocosm incarcerated, piece of music Hispanic American males fork over a one in six chance, and clean males only have a one in 20 three chance of incarceration. The color of African Americans sets them apart and makes them targetable. Prevalence Problem 2 at that place is evidence, in our American arbitrator System, of structural in compriseity as seen in the percentages of minorities to the percentage of majorities employed in advanced ranking positions, within the system.The percentage of linked States judges by race are 79% Caucasian, 12% African American, and 2% Hispanics American (Federal Judicial Center, 2012), as for the thousands of lawyers in the unify States it is approximate of 3% are African American (National Law convocation, 2010-2011), and rough 1 in 4 constabulary officers are members of a racial or ethnic minority in 2007 (Bureau of evaluator St atistics, 2013). An investigation into racial profiling showed that African American and Hispanic American offenders, who oft clock times are young unemployed males, are more likely than their face cloth counterparts (Spohn, C., 2000). Their prison sentences are besides typically overnight or they receive distinguishableial benefits from guidepost departures than do similarly situated white offenders (Spohn, C. , 2000). We must ack straight offledge the problems of racial dissimilitude within the savage judge system, overstep racial disparity within the distressing justice system with those we who are not informed of the problem, and stay committed to changing racial disparity within our justice system for change to begin.Causes In researching the luxuriously rate of incarceration in America it is more likely than not that the increase in African American Males being incarcerated is due to the War on Drugs (Table 1). It is earth knowledge that drug offence ranks high among the effects of poverty. These poor neighborhoods not only endure discourtesy they have poor schools, poor food, cramped living areas, and shortage of jobs if any jobs at all.Drugs and drug crime has force regularity in economic crisis income communities, perks of Hispanics made up 55% of cocaine powder offences and 52% of marijuana offenses and 49% involving opiates African Americans were hazard in 75% of crack cocaine cases White males were suspected in 41% all frosting cases (Motivans, M. , 2011). Decades of failed public and private remedies for chronic disparities and disadvantages in communities of color invite us to brush up systems and institutions that provide and restrict opportunity in new ways (Lawrence, K. , 2011).The causes seem to be intertwined being poor equals, equals a poor education, equals lack of employment, and ultimately equals an increased rate of crime. Consequences The causes seem to be intertwined being poor, equals lack of education, which e quals lack of employment, which equals increased rate of crime which equals impossibility to join criminal justice system. Also, many of these men are incarcerated while all the other non-incarcerated American young men are finishing school, first careers, earning seniority at pop off, marrying and having children thence gaining capital. flush when released from prison, these men return back to their communities with a felony record that will pose complete problems for them. The incarceration leads the released convict into a trim social class even if they were considered deject class Americans prior to their incarceration they now are lower in social class standing in most instances. This leads to a poor African American community, perhaps as many as 50% of the male population will have been in prison.These incarcerated African American Males, who are in their prime of life, also are leaving half the families in this community facing such things as poverty, lack of affordable housing, mental illness, substance abuse, violence, absence of a strong black male role model, lack of access to education, or some type of combination of these factors. The community ultimately will exit poverty stricken, struggling to survive, and ultimately under attack(predicate) to the situation repeating. Solutions How can this be changed? There are four key aspects to addressing racial disparity, in my opinion 1.Acknowledge 2. dialogue 3. Setback = Strength 4. Commitment not only is the problem of racial disparity under recognized by society it is not being egestd effectively to make change. Majority groups needs to acknowledge racial disparity and minority groups need to communicate their knowledge regarding racial disparity. As apiece group majority and minority begins to become share their information with each other and work together for a putting green solution acknowledging there will be setbacks but with continued commitment general change will happen.Conclusi on By refusing to tolerate disparate treatment of hoi polloi of color or anyone within the criminal justice system we induct ourselves and our country. It is time that everyone including our legislators, law enforcement, prosecutors, defense attorneys, and judges work collectively and courageously to eradicate this prejudicial stigma. Despite, America being known for its equal rights we are living proof that in this era inequality is a factor that cannot be taken lightly. The statistics that are environ African American males is astounding.We need to pass African American males with the knowledge that they have a one in four chance of becoming incarcerated. It is also important to know that Hispanic males have a one in six chance, and white males have a one in twenty three chance of incarceration. alone of these statistics need to be addressed to empower each and every one us. throughout history we have not seen a change in majority groups (White, Male) and minority groups (W omen, anyone that is not White) although we have seen numbers of minorities increasing at a fast pace.Today, however, the pick of Barack Obama, not once but twice, may set the new ideal of what an American actually is. As we embrace different cultures and their ethnic backgrounds society will prosper. As society increases their knowledge, in regards to each individuals differences, they will acquire great strength and prosperity. The only issue, that can occur, will be in the short boundary empowering others to embrace diversity. When we look beyond short-term, focus will shift to diverse authorisation through embracing the knowledge of our differences thus making us stronger as a society.TABLE 1 BLACK affinity OF DRUG ARRESTS, EXCLUDING MARIJUANA POSSESSION grade BLACK % 1999 40. 1 2000 39. 3 2001 39. 1 2002 35. 8 2003 33. 8 2004 33. 1 2005 33. 2 Data calculated from drug arrest figures by race provided by the render Crime Reports division of the FBI TABLE 2 FBI CRIME REPO RT Arrests By Race, 2006 11,249 agencies 2006 estimated population 216,685,152 Total White Black American Indian or Alaskan indigenous Asian or Pacific islander Total White Black American Indian or Alaskan native-born Asian or Pacific island-dweller TOTAL 10,437,620.7270214 2924724 130589 112093 degree centigrade. 0 69. 7 28 1. 3 1. 1 Drug abuse violations 1376192 875101 483886 8198 9607 1000 63. 6 35. 1 0. 6 0. 7 DUIS 1034651 914226 95260 13484 11681 100 88. 4 9. 2 1. 3 1. 1 hard liquor laws 466323 398068 50035 12831 5389 100 85. 4 10. 7 2. 8 1. 2 Drunken-ness 408439 344155 54113 7884 2287 100 84. 3 13. 2 1. 9 0. 6 Dis-orderly conduct 5117264 325991 179733 7606 3934 100 63. 0 34. 7 1. 5 0. 8 (The FBI Uniform Crime Report, 2010) References Bureau of legal expert Statistics, 2013, http//bjs. ojp. usdoj. gov/index. cfm?ty=tp&tid=71 The FBI Uniform Crime Reports, 2010, Table 43, http//www. fbi. gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/crime-in-the-u. s/2010/crime-in-the-u. s. -2010/tables/table-43 Federal Judicial Center, 2012, Overview of the United States Court System, http//www. fjc. gov/public/pdf. nsf/lookup/FJC_Standard_PPT_English_June_2012. pdf/$ register/FJC_Standard_PPT_English_June_2012. pdf Lawrence, K. , 2011, Race, Crime, and Punishment Breaking the Connection in America, http//www. aspeninstitute. org/sites/default/files/ matter/docs/pubs/Race-Crime-Punishment.pdf Motivans, Mark, 2011, Washington, DC US Dept. of Justice Bureau of Justice Statistics, http//bjs. ojp. usdoj. gov/content/pub/pdf/fjs09. pdf National Law Group 2010-2011, http//blacklawyers. net/ Roberts, D. , 2004, Measuring the Social and moralistic Cost of Mass Incarceration, in African American Communities, http//www. law. fsu. edu/faculty/2003-2004workshops/roberts. pdf Spohn,C. ,2000, Thirty long time of Sentencing Reform The Quest for a racially Neutral Sentencing Process, http//www. justicestudies. com/pubs/livelink3-1. pdf.

Functional requirement Essay

1. Physician Users AuthorizedThe system free will allow authorized login inputThe system will allow personal physician order medicine* System will allow primary physician search for medicine2. SearchThe system navigates to correct patient.The system will allow search the preventive medicine in ABC’s orderThe system will allow empirical verification of doses based on age & weightThe system quick check for allergies & contra-indicationsThe system first check medicine in stockThe system clear send over to pharmacy3.Only 1 first requirement can be ensured.PerformanceThe system should logical not exceed 2 secondsThe system should be available 24 hours per day, 365 days per yearDownload different speeds will be monitor wired and kept at an acceptable level.3. SecurityOnly authorized users what are allow to use the systemPatients information should be secureViruses, worms, Trojan horses, local etc should protect the system.The system should automatically exit when there is inacti vity4.Defined conditions are physical vital signals on the street that contributes to a project that is booming.

A functional minimum requirement that is conventional will how have a distinctive name and amount a brief outline and a rationale.Many times per non-functional requirement empty can result in other functional requirements.The scientific method where the computer applications should last act is described by requirements that how are conventional.Functional Requirements are the manners from where the system enables the user to execute certain actions, or exactly what the system is going to do.

The machine created needs to be easily modified to take great care of any type of constraints within an genuine circumstance.The political machine needs to be such simple to recall for the user.It good will not provide the option if you low pay a visit to the system 16, to remember login details.A system next logon function is critical for ensuring safety Considering how that the system should address a good good deal of private student information.

It make a solution for any big important issue and should be robust.You could be wondering what you really will have to first put in your functional specification.Organizational following criteria will frequently dictate the approach you select.Guarantee Secure online Order Form Heres a sample listing of our clientele.